Improvement in cooking stoves or ranges



R. E. DEANE.

Cooking Stove.

Patented-sept. 16, 1862.

N. PETERS. Mammal-emph". wnmngwm n. a

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROYAL E. DEANE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN COOKING STOVES OR RNGES.

i Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 36,455, datedSeptember 16, 1862.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROYAL E. DEANE, of the State, city, and county ofNew York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cooking-Ranges;and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings,which form part of this specification.

Oookingranges employed in hotels, steamboats, and refeotories are moredisposed to injury by the heat than those of any other class, from theirlarge size, the amount and intensity of the heat, and the necessity ofits uninterrupted continuance', and this always results (unless somemeans be used to prevent) in the sagging down by its own weight of thatpart of the top of the range immediately over the fire, eventuallyfalling in entirely. This is particularly the case with ranges such ashave no pot-holes, but use a hot plate77 or metal top divided forconvenience into a number of sections or plates, but no part of whichtop is removable for the ordinary cooking utensils, such, when used,being` placed on such hot plate, which is always kept at a red heat. Aprominent example of such a range is that known as Harrisons EuropeanRange,7 and is the kind I have chosen to illustrate the construction,adaptation, and use of myimprove- A top, being flush therewith, andherein termed cross-bars,77 excepting immediately over the fire, wherethey are found impractieable, being destroyed in very short time by theintense heat. The only means heretofore employed to support the top overthe re with approximate success consists of a disk sustained by a boltor rod attached to said disk and to an arch or bridge the traves ofwhich rest on the extreme front and rear of the range, or to a beamoverhead, While the other plates or sections rest on a rim of said disk.This is a very indifferent support in practice, as the rim of the diskturns off in a short time and the disk must be replaced andrenewed,involvingloss of time, inconvenience, and expense. Such iixturcsalso interfere with a free prosecution of the culinary operations andotherwise unnecessarily incumber the top.

My herein improvement is designed to provide a durable and permanentsupport for the hot plate, (or plates,) preserve the same from injury bythe heat of the fire below, free the top of the range from any and. allunnecessary obstructions, while economizing and equalizing the heat,reducing the radiatiomand avoiding the loss attendant thereon. Withthese objects in view I have bnc, two, or more crossbars arranged overthe fire, cast hollow, communicating with each other, and provided withsuitable receiving and discharge pipes to cause a iow of water throughthem as channels. Where required I adapt them by varying the form to thethree-oven and similar ranges. I connect them or not, as circumstancesindicate, with a water-back, and provide them with flanges or ledges tosupport the plates adjacent thereto.

The nature of my said invention, therefore, consists in the combination,with the hot plate, of a channel or channels by the same being cast withsuch hot' plate, or a part thereof, on the under side of such plate, soas to be interposed between the plate and the re, and furnished withproper induction and eduction pipes, to provide for the circulation ofwaterv in said hot plate, making a durable and eiiicientwater-heater,substantially as hereinafter described; also, in the formand arrangement of such channel or channels, in combination with athree-oven range, as herein set forth, for the purpose of effecting amore equal division -of the heat, as herein described, between thegreater and the lesser number of ovens, substantially as hereinafterspecified.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe the same more particularly.

Referring to the annexed drawings,wherein the marks of referencecorrespond in all the figures, (and which shows a three-oveu Harrisonrange,) Figure lis aplan view of the range, showing myimprovement,asseen from thetop. Fig. 2 is a front elevation with part ofthe front wall of the range removed. Fig. 3 is a sectional view showingthe improvement as it would appear were the single oven at the leftremoved. .Fig 4 is a water-back. The improvement (which is attachedthereto) is seen in dotted lines. Fig. 5 shows a device most commonlyresorted to to support the hot plate.

Y A in the several iigures is the hot plate. B

is the iirebox. C is the grate. D D are the ovens. E E are cross-barsfor sustaining the plates l 2 3, Src., and with said plates and theborder A constitute the top or. hot plate. Said cross-bars are supportedat each end by the border A', and at their mid-lengthby feet b, Standingon the ovens'.

E', E2, and E3 is a cross-bar having somewhat the form of a tripod, asseen inFig. 1. It has a channel or channels cast on the under sidecorresponding to the several branchesEfE2 E. These are seen in frontview in Fig. 2, and one side is shown in Fig. 3. Said crossbar isconnected with the water-back F,.and its channels aforesaid opentherein, so as to communicate freely therewith, A rear view of thewater-back is given in Fig. 4,where the channels are dotted. Apartition, d, in the interior, Figs. l and 4, dotted, compels the waterto perform the circuits of all the channels before discharging at theegressl pipe H. p One branch of the channel E is deeper than the others,being carried down atthve rear end to the bottom of the water-back F.'Ihe object is to divert the flame, and Vheat to the right, `so thatmost of the heat will pass over the two ovens D D2,while the remainder,passing over and around the single oven, suffices for that; but wherethere is an even number of ovens or ovenspace on each side of the fire Imake the channels about the same depth. The channels have ledges laaround the sides and in the opening occupied by the plate l1, and theplates 3, 4, 5, 6, and 11 rest thereon. The presence and circulation ofwater `in the channels prevent the ledges from being damaged by theheat, and this part of the range is thus rendered `as durable as anyother, if not more so.

I generally usc a water-back in connection with the channels, though itis by no means necessary. Compared with a water-back as a water-heaterthe channels are far superior, being situated principally over thecenter of the fire. They are directly in contact with the hot flames',and the latter are always more powerful for heating than thelivecoals,which are mostly depended on to heat the waterback; hence thelatter when used is only auxiliary.

The channels and cross-bar may have other forms than that shown in Fig.l; but I .consider this forni well adapted to the main purp0sesviz.,ofmaintaining and heating a body of water in or under the hot plateoverthe hot` test part of the ire, eii'ectually preserving the top ofthe range from destruction,and leaving the capacity of boiling-snrl`acesubstantially unchanged.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

The combination, with `the hot plate, of a crossbar having a channelcast therewith on the under side thereof', so as to be interposedbetween the tire and the hot plate, of which said bar forms apart, andprovided with induction and eduction` pipes, as specified, for thepurpose of circulating and maintaining water Within the hot plate, andheating the water while preservingthe said plate from injury by theheat; also, 4the form and arrangement of channel or channels, as setforth, in combination with a threeoven range, or the equivalent thereof,-substantially as described.

` ROYAL E. DEANE. Witnesses:

Oms. S. DAY, JOEL E. RoGERs.

